Hollow fiber membrane bioreactors present a versatile platform for a broad range of applications in pharmaceutical industries. These reactors utilize hollow fibers as the main structure to facilitate mass transfer between phases. The distinct design of hollow fiber membranes facilitates high contact zone per unit volume, leading to enhanced efficie

Hollow fiber membranes are recognized as a versatile and effective technology for water treatment applications. These ultra-fine fibers offer a large interfacial region for filtration, promoting the elimination of various contaminants from water streams. The unique structure of hollow fiber membranes facilitates high flux rates and efficient transp

Hollow fiber membrane bioreactors provide a novel platform for numerous biotechnological processes. Their compact design allows for {highthroughput and ideal environmental settings. The characteristics of the hollow fibers facilitates exchange between the internal environment and the surrounding media, enabling optimized biomass production. So

Membrane bioreactors (MBRs) employing polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membranes have emerged as a promising technology for wastewater treatment due to their high efficiency in removing both organic and inorganic pollutants. This article presents a thorough performance evaluation of PVDF membrane bioreactors, examining key variables such as permeate